Generator & Working Principle:
An AC generator is used to generate electricity at various power stations like thermal power stations nuclear power stations and hydroelectric power stations however an AC generator can also be seen at home which is used during power outages to keep the appliances like a fan refrigerator etc. working until power is restored.
An AC generator is a device used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy it was originally designed by a famous physicist Nikola Tesla working on it
. An AC generator is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction according to this principle a change in flux linked to a coil induces an electric current in the coil the direction of the induced current in the coil can be given by Fleming's right-hand rule Lenz law can also, be used to find the direction of current in the coil.
The construction of an AC generator consists of field magnets and armature to slip rings and two carbon brushes the poles of field magnets are concave and cylindrical in shape and therefore produce a radial magnetic field. The armature is a soft iron on which a coil having a large number of turns of copper wire is wrapped the two ends of the armature are attached with two slip rings these rings rotate with the coil the slip rings are made of metals and are insulated from each other. Two brushes are made of carbon one end of each brush is in contact with rotating slip rings and the other end is connected to an outer circuit a galvanometer is connected to the outer circuit to show the deflection due to the current induced in the amateur when the coil is rotated between the pole pieces a current is induced in the coil the induced current is shown by the deflection in the galvanometer.
The two-way deflection in the galvanometer shows that the induced current is alternating. In the working of an AC generator the armature keeps on changing its relative position with respect to the magnetic field as it rotates about an axis perpendicular to the field, therefore, the flux linked with the coil keeps on changing with time, as a result, an EMF is induced, in turn, induces an electric current in the coil as the two ends of the armature are connected to an external circuit an electric current starts flowing through it the current is detected by the galvanometer connected in the external circuit due to change in the relative position of the armature coil.
The direction of the current flowing in each arm of the armature coil keeps on changing and hence the current obtained is an alternating current.
. An AC generator is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction according to this principle a change in flux linked to a coil induces an electric current in the coil the direction of the induced current in the coil can be given by Fleming's right-hand rule Lenz law can also, be used to find the direction of current in the coil.
The construction of an AC generator consists of field magnets and armature to slip rings and two carbon brushes the poles of field magnets are concave and cylindrical in shape and therefore produce a radial magnetic field. The armature is a soft iron on which a coil having a large number of turns of copper wire is wrapped the two ends of the armature are attached with two slip rings these rings rotate with the coil the slip rings are made of metals and are insulated from each other. Two brushes are made of carbon one end of each brush is in contact with rotating slip rings and the other end is connected to an outer circuit a galvanometer is connected to the outer circuit to show the deflection due to the current induced in the amateur when the coil is rotated between the pole pieces a current is induced in the coil the induced current is shown by the deflection in the galvanometer.
The two-way deflection in the galvanometer shows that the induced current is alternating. In the working of an AC generator the armature keeps on changing its relative position with respect to the magnetic field as it rotates about an axis perpendicular to the field, therefore, the flux linked with the coil keeps on changing with time, as a result, an EMF is induced, in turn, induces an electric current in the coil as the two ends of the armature are connected to an external circuit an electric current starts flowing through it the current is detected by the galvanometer connected in the external circuit due to change in the relative position of the armature coil.
The direction of the current flowing in each arm of the armature coil keeps on changing and hence the current obtained is an alternating current.